In vitro regeneration of triploid plants from mature endosperm culture of commercial passionfruit (Passiflora edulis Sims)

Due to the triploid nature of endosperm, in vitro culture of endosperm tissues has been considered a direct method for production of polyploids. We report the establishment of an in vitro regeneration system from endosperm culture for production of triploid Passiflora edulis plants, the main commercial species of passionfruit. Thidiazuron was the only type of cytokinin that induced shoot production in the endosperm tissues; the highest number of shoots was produced in the presence of 4.5 and 9.0 μM TDZ. Flow cytometry and chromosomal analysis confirmed that endosperm-derived plants were triploid. The internal standard, Pisum sativum, and the diploid control, seed-derived Passiflora edulis plants (2n = 2× = 18), showed average DNA quantities of 9.09 and 3.35 pg respectively. Endosperm-derived P. edulis plants showed an average DNA content of 5.10 pg and a chromosome count of 27 (3n = 3× = 27), the same ploidy level as the endosperm (triploid). We believe that our data open new prospects for breeding of passionfruit by means of a stable and reproducible regeneration system from endosperm culture leading to generation of triploid plants.

See more: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0304423818303273